Spamming refers to the act of sending unsolicited and often repetitive messages, usually over the internet, to a large number of recipients, typically for commercial or promotional purposes. These messages can be sent via email, instant messaging platforms, social media, forums, comments sections on websites, or any other communication channel.

The main characteristics of spamming are:

1. Unsolicited: Spam messages are sent without the explicit consent of the recipients. The recipients did not request or sign up to receive these messages.
2. Bulk Sending: Spammers often send messages in bulk to a vast number of recipients, with the aim of reaching as many people as possible.
3. Commercial or Promotional Content: While spam messages can cover a wide range of topics, they often promote products, services, websites, or dubious schemes.
4. Annoying and Intrusive: Spamming can be disruptive and irritating to recipients, as it clutters their inboxes or message feeds with unwanted content.